Peb pab neeg tau siv kaum tsib xyoos dhau los ua haujlwm rau cov haujlwm fais fab thoob plaws Asia thiab Middle East. Peb tau muab cov neeg ntes mus rau cov chaw nres tsheb hauv ntug dej hiav txwv hauv Nyab Laj, thaj chaw suab puam hauv Saudi Arabia, thiab thaj chaw muaj xob laim hauv Indonesia. Raws li txoj kev, peb tau pom cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb twg yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum cov cuab yeej raug teeb tsa thiab tawm mus khiav.
Siv cov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Ntawm 220kV substation nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Indonesia, qhov hluav taws xob tau hloov cov neeg ntes txhua ob xyoos. Lub kaw lus voltage tsis tu ncua ntaus 240kV thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa. Thawj 192kV cov neeg ntes tau ua tsis tiav thaum lub sijhawm ib ntus dhau los ntawm kev hloov kab. Hloov nrog 216kV units daws qhov teeb meem. Rau 132kV tshuab qhov twg voltage nce mus txog 145kV, peb tam sim no qhia 144kV chav kawm. Rau 66kV, 84kV chav kawm. Rau 33kV faib, 42kV chav kawm. Txoj cai yog qhov yooj yim: 1.2 txog 1.25 npaug ntawm qhov ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws.
Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob yog lwm yam uas tau saib dhau. Western Java pom tshaj 100 thunderstorm hnub ib xyoos. Cov kab muaj ntau qhov kev tawm tsam hauv ib qho cua daj cua dub. Cov neeg ntes tau ntsuas 3kJ ib kV tau ua tsis tiav hauv peb xyoos. Tsiv mus rau 5kJ ib kV yam tsawg kawg nkaus txo qhov ua tsis tiav. Rau cov kab ntev tshaj li 20km lossis thaj chaw uas muaj kev kub ceev, peb teev 8 txog 10kJ ib kV ntawm kev tiv thaiv transformer. Tus nqi sib txawv me me piv rau kev xa cov neeg coob mus rau cov pej thuam nyob deb.
Creepage nrug thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyob hauv tsev txiav txim siab ntev npaum li cas tus neeg ntes nyob hauv qhov chaw hnyav. Nyob rau tib qhov chaw Indonesian ntawd, cov thawj cov plooj (porcelain) ntes tau tus lej nkag txaus ntawm daim ntawv. Tab sis ntsev pos coated txhua yam thaum lub caij ntub. Porcelain ntub tawm tag nrho thiab cov kab mob sib kis tau tsim. Cov khoom siv roj hmab silicone tau teeb tsa tom qab nyob twj ywm qhuav thaum huab cua- cov hlaws dej thiab khiav tawm. Hauv UAE, peb tau pom cov xuab zeb nqus dej noo thaum hmo ntuj thiab ua cov khoom siv ntawm cov plooj (porcelain). Kev kho tib yam siv: silicone roj hmab nrog creepage 31mm ib kV lossis siab dua. Rau hauv av qis- qhov chaw muaj kuab paug, 25mm ib kV tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tab sis peb tsis tshua mus qis dua rau cov cuab tam tseem ceeb.
Disconnectors yog pheej yig tiv thaiv. Ua ntej peb ntxiv lawv rau ntawm kab Indonesian, tus neeg raug ntes ua tsis tiav tau ua txhaum txoj kab mus tas li. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tag nrho cov kab kom pom nws. Nrog cov disconnectors, lub tsev ua tsis tau tejyam poob tawm thiab cov kab nyob twj ywm energized. Kev hloov pauv tshwm sim raws sijhawm. Qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kab nyob deb, xaiv tau rau substations.
Residual voltage yuav tsum tau koom tes nrog transformer rwb thaiv tsev. Lub 132kV transformer hauv Malaysia ua tsis tau thaum muaj cua daj cua dub ntau xyoo dhau los. Cov neeg ntes tau raug ntsuas kom raug rau qhov hluav taws xob tab sis qhov seem ntawm 10kA yog 580kV. Transformer BIL yog 650kV-tsuas yog 12 feem pua. Hloov nrog cov neeg ntes nyob ntawm 520kV residual daws nws. Tam sim no peb tshawb xyuas yam tsawg kawg 20 feem pua ntawm cov paj hauv qab cov khoom siv BIL. Rau 66kV transformers nrog BIL 325kV, residual ntawm 5kA yuav tsum nyob rau hauv 260kV. Rau 220kV nrog BIL 950kV, residual ntawm 10kA hauv qab 760kV.
Lub siab nyem tiv thaiv kev tawg tsis ua haujlwm. Peb tau pom tus neeg ntes tau tawg vim tias qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas siab tau qis dua qhov muaj tam sim no. Nws puas nyob ib sab switchgear. Tam sim no peb txheeb xyuas qhov kev sib tw siab ntawm qhov chaw ua txhaum theem -feem ntau 40kA rau ib thib ob ntawm qib kis.
Rau cov dej hiav txwv thiab suab puam, ntawm no yog qhov peb cov engineers feem ntau teev tseg: qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsawg kawg yog 1.2 zaug siab tshaj qhov system voltage, lub zog ntsuas 5kJ ib kV yam tsawg kawg nkaus (8 mus rau 10kJ rau cov chaw siab xob laim), creepage 31mm ib kV yam tsawg kawg nkaus nrog silicone roj hmab vaj tse, disconnector ntawm kab ntes, seem seem nrog 20 feem pua siab reef tam sim no BIL thiab IL. 60099-4 nrog cov kev kuaj mob ywj pheej.
Cov no yog cov kev txwv peb tau kawm los xyuas tom qab xyoo ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Yog tias koj pab neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ib qhov project hauv thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv lossis suab puam thiab xav tshuaj xyuas cov lej, peb zoo siab los pab.